A. That's a short question with a long list of answers. Simply put and briefly, it means that: (1) There is now a basis for understanding the origination and emplacement of oil and gas deposits worldwide; (2) That basis of understanding is intimately and inextricable connected to crustal fragmentation; (3) Oil and gas deposits on continental shelves are understandable as those were places of crustal fragmentation took place; (4) The proximity of vast, almost unlimited mantle methane and perhaps abiotic hydrocarbons to such fragmentation-originated deposits is reasonable and expected; (5) Because of this work, the range and domain of geological considerations is severely constrained; and (6) The prognosis for an energy-rich world is now extremely favorable.

A. The oil companies should invest heavily in continental shelf exploration and improvement of deep-water drilling technology. Scientifically, as a consequence of this work, they are now in a position the begin to piece together the details of sequential crustal fragmentation, beginning with Ottland, and continuing to the present, which will inevitably lead to new energy-resource discoveries on the continental margins and elsewhere. 

A. The U. S. Government should do everything it can to encourage and facilitate oil companies' continental-shelf exploration and their improvement of deep-water drilling technology. Doubtlessly, governments of other countries will do that. Further, the U. S. Government should investigate and seek criminal inditements against those individuals and institutions that allegedly engage in science suppression and misrepresentation in violation of anti-trust laws and/or in the conduct of fraud, and should take action to debar same from receiving federal grants and contracts, and should take action to eliminate their tax-exempt status. Science is about truth, not deception.  

A. Global warming is the greatest science fraud ever. I published a short note about variables unaccounted for in global warming and climate change models. (click here for pdf) 

Q. How do you explain convection in an easy-to-understand way?

A. Heat a pot of water on the stove-top. Before it starts to boil, motion can be seen in the fluid, circulation from bottom to top and from top to bottom, which can be better observed by adding a few tea leaves or coffee grounds. As liquid at the bottom is heated, it expands a tiny bit and becomes lighter, less dense, than the fluid at the top. The lighter fluid floats and the heavier fluid sinks. The liquid moves to try to correct this top-heavy arrangement; this is convection. This is the way matter behaves.

Q. How is the stove-top convection example different from the Earth's mantle?

A. The mantle is compressed by its own weight and by the weight of the crust so that the bottom of the mantle is about 62% more dense than the top. The tiny, tiny amount of thermal expansion that might occur at the bottom, less than 1%, cannot cause bottom-mantle matter to float to the surface or make the mantle top-heavy, necessary conditions for convection.

Q. What does "no mantle convection" mean for plate tectonics theory?

A. Plate tectonics theory depends critically upon the assumption of mantle convection; "no mantle convection" means that plate tectonics theory is incorrect.

Q. What geodynamic theory now replaces plate tectonics theory?

A. For decades plate tectonics and Earth expansion theory each have seemed to explain some observations. Each had its problems and each had its adherents. But neither was quite correct. I unified elements of each into a new theory called whole-Earth decompression dynamics. For more information, click here.

Q. Convection is physically impossible in the Earth's mantle. What about in the Earth's core?

A. Earth-core convection is physically impossible, too. The bottom of the core is about 22% more dense than the top.

Q. But many believe that the geomagnetic field is produced by convection-driven dynamo action in the Earth's fluid core?

A. If the Earth's magnetic field is produced by a convection-driven dynamo mechanism, then it is produced in the georeactor, sub-shell where convection is possible, not in the fluid core where convection is physically impossible. For more information, click here.